In today's era of rapid technological development, electronic products are being replaced at an increasingly rapid pace, generating a large amount of discarded PCB boards (printed circuit boards) and integrated circuits. These seemingly useless electronic waste actually contain enormous resource value, but they also pose a potential threat to the environment. Therefore, effective recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits has become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. PCB boards are key components of electronic products, supporting the connection of various electronic components and providing the basis for signal transmission. Integrated circuits, on the other hand, are the "heart" of electronic devices, integrating a large number of transistors and other electronic components to realize various complex functions. When these electronic products reach the end of their lifespan or are scrapped due to malfunction, if the metals and plastics in PCB boards and integrated circuits can be recycled properly, it not only reduces the exploitation of natural resources but also lowers production costs. At present, there have been some progress in the recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits. Physical methods are one of the more common recycling approaches. Through disassembly, crushing, and screening steps, different materials in PCB boards and integrated circuits are separated. For example, using mechanical crushing equipment to crush discarded PCB boards into fine particles, and then separating metals and non-metallic materials through methods such as wind selection and magnetic selection. This method is relatively simple and cost-effective, but the separation effect may not be ideal, and the recovery rate of some metals needs to be improved. Chemical methods also play an important role in recycling and processing. Chemical leaching can dissolve metals in PCB boards and integrated circuits, and then extract the metals from the solution through a series of chemical reactions. This method can achieve a high recovery rate of metals, but it requires the use of a large number of chemical reagents, which may cause some pollution to the environment. Therefore, when using chemical methods, it is necessary to strictly control the reaction conditions and strengthen the treatment and supervision of waste to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Biological methods are an emerging recycling and processing technology. Certain microorganisms have special metabolic capabilities and can dissolve metals from ores or electronic waste. Compared with traditional chemical methods, biological methods have the advantages of low cost and environmental friendliness. However, at present, the application of biological methods is still in the research and experimental stage, and its processing efficiency and stability need to be further improved. In addition to technological efforts, a perfect recycling system is also the key to ensuring the effective recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits. Governments should introduce relevant policies and regulations to strengthen the supervision of the electronic waste recycling and processing industry and regulate market order. At the same time, encourage enterprises and social capital to participate in recycling and processing work, and establish a complete industrial chain from collection, transportation to processing. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen public awareness and education, raise public awareness of the importance of recycling and processing of electronic waste, and guide the public to actively participate in recycling actions. The recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits is a task of great significance. It not only enables the reuse of resources and alleviates the pressure of resource shortage, but also reduces the pollution of electronic waste to the environment and protects our ecological environment. By continuously innovating recycling and processing technologies and improving the recycling system, we have every reason to believe that in the future, the recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits will become a green and efficient industry, making a greater contribution to promoting sustainable development.